How to steps

1) Build a focused deck

Pick 12 terms across four clusters, policy, causes, impacts, and solutions. Write each item with gloss, one collocation, and an audio line you can shadow. Aim for 3 items per day, 15 per week, review on day 6.

Policy and systems

• environmental regulation [পরিবেশ নীতি]
  Collocation: tighten environmental regulation
  Audio: Cities tighten environmental regulation on factories.
• carbon emissions [কার্বন নিঃসরণ]
  Collocation: reduce carbon emissions
  Audio: Buses on gas reduce carbon emissions in cities.
• carbon footprint [কার্বন পদচিহ্ন]
  Collocation: measure a carbon footprint
  Audio: Firms now measure their carbon footprint each year.

Causes

• deforestation [বন উজাড়]
  Collocation: halt deforestation
  Audio: Rangers work to halt deforestation near reserves.
• industrial runoff [শিল্প বর্জ্য প্রবাহ]
  Collocation: treat industrial runoff
  Audio: New plants treat industrial runoff before discharge.
• air pollution [বায়ু দূষণ]
  Collocation: reduce air pollution
  Audio: Better fuel standards reduce air pollution in Dhaka.

Impacts

• biodiversity loss [জৈব বৈচিত্র্য হ্রাস]
  Collocation: reverse biodiversity loss
  Audio: Wetland projects reverse biodiversity loss slowly.
• water scarcity [জল সংকট]
  Collocation: address water scarcity
  Audio: Rain harvesting helps address water scarcity.
• urban heat island [শহুরে তাপ প্রভাব]
  Collocation: mitigate the urban heat island
  Audio: Green roofs mitigate the urban heat island effect.

Solutions

• renewable energy [নবায়নযোগ্য জ্বালানি]
  Collocation: scale renewable energy
  Audio: Utilities plan to scale renewable energy by 2030.
• waste segregation [বর্জ্য বাছাই]
  Collocation: enforce waste segregation
  Audio: Ward offices enforce waste segregation at source.
• conservation area [সংরক্ষিত এলাকা]
  Collocation: expand conservation areas
  Audio: Policies expand conservation areas along rivers.

2) Run the daily audio loop

For each item, read the headword and gloss, say the collocation, shadow the audio line twice, record once on your phone, then write one sentence of your own. This takes about 90 seconds per item. Target 5 to 6 minutes per day.

3) Use collocations in context

Pair verbs and nouns that often go together. Examples: reduce emissions, curb pollution, restore wetlands, enforce standards, expand access, improve air quality. Use one pair per sentence for clarity.

Example 1, Writing Task 2 upgrade
Weak: The government should do more for the environment.
Better: The government should enforce waste segregation and reduce carbon emissions by setting cleaner bus standards.

Example 2, Speaking Part 3 line
Stronger: Renewable energy can lower peak demand, while conservation areas protect rivers from industrial runoff.

4) Mini case, Chattogram resident

Rahim prepares for a prompt on urban air quality. He selects six items, air pollution, carbon emissions, urban heat island, renewable energy, waste segregation, conservation area. Over four evenings he runs the loop and drafts two answers. Old line: The city is polluted and hot. New line: The city should reduce air pollution by upgrading bus fuel, mitigate the urban heat island with tree corridors, and enforce waste segregation in markets. His teacher notes sharper claims and natural collocations.

5) Measurable targets

• Learn 15 items per week.
• Record one 60 second monologue on Sunday using at least 6 items.
• In writing, upgrade 4 vague phrases to precise pairs, for example protect nature to expand conservation areas or restore wetlands.
• In listening or reading practice, collect 9 paraphrases across the week, for example curb, cut, limit for reduce.

6) Mistakes to avoid

• Overusing rare terms without pairs. Learn reduce emissions before carbon sequestration.
• Translating whole sentences into Bangla. Keep the gloss short, 1 to 3 words, then rely on English examples.
• Mixing outcomes and causes, biodiversity loss is an outcome, deforestation is a cause.
• Quoting fake numbers. If you are not sure, use careful language, small rise, remained stable, sharp fall.

7) Edge cases to plan for

• Local wording: write both forms if helpful, polythene ban [পলিথিন নিষেধাজ্ঞা].
• Register: in formal reports write data are, in everyday speech data is. Match the context.
• Pronunciation traps: say biodiversity with stress on di, say deforestation with clear t.

Mini glossary

• Mitigate: make a problem less severe, often used with risks or impacts.
• Runoff: water that carries dissolved materials from land into rivers.
• Wetland: land that is saturated with water, a key habitat for wildlife.
• Conservation: protection and careful management of natural resources.
• Urban heat island: a city area that is warmer than nearby rural areas because of buildings and roads.

Actionable closing
Choose 9 items from this deck. Make three cards per day with gloss, one collocation, and one audio line to shadow. Run the loop for 7 minutes and record a 60 second summary on Sunday. In your next essay or answer, replace two vague phrases with precise pairs, for example reduce carbon emissions or mitigate the urban heat island.